Condition-Based Replacement and Spare Management under Stochastic Ordering for Three-State Competition Failure System  
Author Jiantai Wang

 
Co-Author(s) Yu Zhao; Shihan Zhou

 
Abstract The integrated replacement and spare parts provision strategies can significantly enhance maintenance efficiency and operational applicability. This paper develops a maintenance decision-making framework for three-state competing failure systems, incorporating a stochastic ordering mechanism that better reflects practical resource constraints. The proposed approach features a dynamic selection mechanism integrating stochastic ordering with defect-triggered ordinary and failureinduced urgent orders to satisfy spare requirements for both preventive and corrective replacements. Specifically, key operational principles include: 1) stochastic ordering is placed at a random time, 2) defect identification initiates an ordinary ordering unless preceded by a stochastic ordering, and 3) the unexpected degradation failure or shock failure, without prior defect identification or stochastic ordering, activates an urgent ordering. We establish and optimize the long-run expected cost rate through inspection interval optimization. The effectiveness of this integrated management strategy is validated through numerical experiments on railway bearings, demonstrating significant advantages over the conventional maintenance approach.

 
Keywords maintenance management, hybrid spare provision, competing failure, three-state system
   
    Article #:  RQD2025-322
 

Proceedings of 30th ISSAT International Conference on Reliability & Quality in Design
August 6-8, 2025